1 102 A Indo-Aryans @ Cattle-keeping nomads from the west appeared in northern India after 2000 BC. They introduced a new language, new religious ideas, horse-riding and warfare, perhaps previously unknown here. They gradually adapted to the settled farming lifestyle and cultural traditions of South Asia's established inhabitants. They are best known from their stirring hymns.
# Indo-Aryans, Pirak horse
2 102 B Peninsular India @ The Indus civilization collapsed around 1800 BC but farming groups in the rest of the subcontinent continued to prosper, with small towns appearing in some regions. After about 800 BC, a series of extraordinary megalithic burials were made in the south, a region where settlements were not apparently occupied year round.
# Peninsular India, megalith
3 102 C The Ganges region @ From around 1500 BC farmers and pastoral nomads were moving into the Ganges Valley, a prime region for rice cultivation but hitherto sparsely inhabited. The prosperity of the early settlements led to the growth of constantly warring cities and states. It was in this milieu that Buddhism emerged around 500 BC.
